What is Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)? A Complete Guide for Women in the UK
Understanding Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is a medical treatment that helps women manage the symptoms of perimenopause and menopause. It works by replacing the hormones—primarily estrogen and progesterone—that naturally decline as women transition through midlife.
By restoring hormone balance, HRT can reduce or eliminate many common symptoms, including:
Hot flushes and night sweats
Mood swings and irritability
Vaginal dryness and discomfort
Sleep disturbances
Low energy and brain fog
Beyond symptom relief, HRT also plays a role in preventing osteoporosis and maintaining long-term bone health.
Types of HRT Available in the UK
There is no “one-size-fits-all” when it comes to HRT. The type you are prescribed depends on your symptoms, health history, and whether you’ve had a hysterectomy.
Estrogen-only HRT – Usually recommended for women who have had their womb removed (hysterectomy).
Combined HRT (estrogen + progesterone) – For women with an intact uterus, as progesterone protects against the risk of endometrial cancer.
Your healthcare provider will guide you in choosing the safest and most effective option.
Benefits of HRT
Many women report life-changing improvements with HRT. Benefits may include:
Relief from disruptive menopause symptoms
Improved sleep, mood, and energy levels
Better vaginal and urinary health
Reduced risk of osteoporosis and fractures
Cardiovascular protection when started early in menopause
Risks and Considerations
Like all medications, HRT comes with some risks. These may include a small increase in:
Breast cancer
Blood clots
Stroke
It’s important to remember that risks vary depending on your health profile, age, and how long you take HRT. A personalised consultation with your GP or menopause specialist will help weigh up the benefits against the risks for you.
Duration and Monitoring
HRT is usually prescribed for the shortest time necessary to relieve symptoms, though some women choose to continue longer under medical supervision. Regular reviews with your healthcare provider ensure:
Your dosage remains effective
Side effects are monitored
You’re always receiving the safest treatment
Alternatives to HRT
Not everyone can or wants to take HRT. Alternatives include:
Lifestyle changes – nutrition, strength training, stress management
Non-hormonal medications – certain antidepressants or blood pressure medicines may ease hot flushes
Complementary therapies – such as acupuncture, yoga, or herbal supplements (though always check with your doctor before use)
Making the Right Choice
Deciding whether to use HRT is deeply personal. The best approach is an open conversation with your healthcare provider, where your symptoms, health history, and preferences are all taken into account. Staying informed about the latest menopause research and UK guidelines ensures you can make confident, empowered choices.
💬 Join the Conversation
You don’t have to go through this alone. Join our supportive Facebook group: The Not Just Hormones Group on Facebook — a community for women navigating menopause with knowledge, strength, and sisterhood.
